Английский, вариант 5 (Potato planters)

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Uploaded: 03.12.2014
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Вариант 5
I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, то есть служит ли оно:
а) показателем 3-его лица единственного числа глагола в простом настоящем времени (Present Simple)
б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного
в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.
Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Lubrication reduces the friction and hence the force required to move one or both of the surfaces.
2. Formerly farm animals performed many kinds of work.
3. Bill’s tractor was more powerful and was equipped with the computer.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, подчеркните эти формы, переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The longer the nights the shorter the days.
2. Soil fertility on our farm is less than on Bill’s farm.
3. The work on combine harvesters is more interesting than on a tractor.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения: подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.
a) 1. More sweeps on the cultivator will require more power.
2. We installed necessary equipment on moving machines.
3. Bill has adjusted the plow so that it will cut to a depth of fifteen centimeters only.
б) 1. The plow leg is carried by the frame.
2. The explanation of these facts has not been given yet.
3. Several attempts have been made recently to invite a foreign expert.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения: подчеркните Participle I (причастие I) и Participle II (причастие II) и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The life system of the tiller must have sufficient capacity to handle the added weight of the seeder attachment.
2. One-horse drills are made to drill between rows of standing corn.
3. An automatic feeding system supplies controls to machines.
4. Mechanical feeding systems are becoming increasingly important in lifestock farming.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The mounted plows may be placed either ahead or behind the rear wheels.
2. Adjustment and replacement of injection pump parts must be made in a specially equipped shop.
3. Equipment design has to minimize the forces applied to the soil.
4. Diesel engine can be started with compressed air from an outside source.

VI. Перепишите предложения, переведите, обращая внимание на функции инфинитива.
1. The type of engine used to power the tractor is an internal combustion engine.
2. Never attempt to disassemble or adjust the fuel equipment in field conditions.
3. Do not allow air and water to leak into fuel system.
4. The function of this mechanism is to balance the crank gear.

VII. Перепишите предложения. Переведите их, обращая внимание на функцию слова one:
1. The mechanisms employed in the tractors were not much different in principle from earlier ones.
2. The horse – drawn plow makes only one furrow.

VIII. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.
Potato planters
Four types of machine planters are used: the picker-type, assisted feed, cup-type, and tuber-unit planter. Planters are equipped with fertilizers attachments which place the fertilizer on each side of the seed.
The picker-type planter is the most widely used. This planter automatically picks up the seed and plants it in a trench or furrow. This is accomplished by a number of arms attached to a revolving wheel. Each picker arm consists of two sharp prongs, the ends of which are similar to nails. As they revolve through the chamber containing the seed, the picker arms pick up the seed-pieces.

Additional information

As the pickling arm moves toward the downward position, the seed-piece is deposited in the dropping tube and it falls into a trench that has been opened by a furrow opener. The seed is then covered by discs located at the back of the machine. This type of planter requires two men to operate a two – or four-row machine.
The assisted type handles the seed in a different manner. The seed piece is fed from the hopper by revolving cogged wheel into the pocket of a rotating horizontal disk. After the seed piece is pushed over the seed tube opening it drops into the trench.

IX. Найдите эквиваленты в тексте и в контрольных заданиях к следующим словам и выражениям:
1. срок службы
2. мастерская
3. мощный трактор
4. животноводство
5. механизмы, используемые в тракторе
6. механизированная система кормления
7. уменьшать трение
8. двигатель внутреннего сгорания
9. плодородие почвы
10. уборочный комбайн

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