+ Английский

Вариант № 1
Задание № 1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.
WASHINGTON
Washington, the capital of the United States of America, is situated on the Potomac River in the District of Columbia. The district was named in honour of Columbus, the discoverer of America; it does not belong to any separate state but to all the states. The District of Columbia is outside the jurisdiction of any state and subject only to the control of the Federal Congress.
Washington is named after the first president George Washington and was founded in 1790. It was George Washington, who chose the place for the District and laid in 1790 the corner-stone of the Capitol, where Congress sits now.
Washington is the seat of the Federal Government of the United States. It has been the capital of the USA since 1800. Washington is the residence of the President and the Congress of the USA. The White House is the President’s residence the Capitol – the seat of the American Congress. All American presidents except George Washington (the White House was not yet built in his time) have lived in the White House. It was built in 1799. The Capitol is the largest and the tallest among the buildings. There are no skyscrapers because no other building must be taller than the Capitol.
Washington is not the largest city in the USA. The capital’s population is about 900 thousand people. Washington is a one-industry city. That industry is government. It does not produce anything except very much scrap paper. Every day 25 railway cars leave Washington loaded with scrap paper.
Washington is a large scientific and cultural centre, where there are many research institutes, five universities, the National Academy of Science and the Library of Congress. There is one more well-known building in Washington – Pentagon, the residence of the US Military department.
Washington has many historical places. The largest and tallest building is the Capitol. The oldest building in Washington is the White House, the official residence of the President. There is hardly a park, a square or an open area in the capital without a monument or a memorial. The most impressive and best-known of them are the Lincoln Memorial and the Washington Monument.
The Lincoln Memorial is devoted to the memory of the 16th President of the USA, the author of the Emancipation Proclamation, which gave freedom to Negro slaves in America. The Washington Monument is the highest structure of the city. It looks like a very big pencil which rises 160 metres and is hollow inside. A special lift brings visitors to the top in 70 seconds from where everyone can enjoy a wonderful view of the whole city.
The Jefferson Memorial was built in memory of the third President of the USA, Thomas Jefferson, who was also the author of the Declaration of Independence. The memorial is surrounded by cherry-trees.
Washington has nothing characteristically American in it, as its conception is purely French. It has long wide avenues, gardens, beautiful parks and no skyscrapers at all. Washington has a nickname – the American Paris. Many people are sure that Washington is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.

Задание № 2. Дайте ответы на вопросы по тексту “WASHINGTON” (задание № 1).
1. Where is Washington, situated?
2. Washington is named after the first president George Wa-shington, isn’t it?
3. Is Washington the seat of the Federal Government of the United States?
4. Is the population of Washington 900 or 700 thousand people?
5. What is the nickname of Washington?

Задание № 3. Задайте 5 вопросов к предложению (общий, альтернативный, разделительный и 2 специальных).
Washington is a one-industry city.

Задание № 4. Данные предложения из текста (задание № 1) содержат слова с окончаниями -s, -es, ’s. В каждом предложении определите, какую функцию выполняет окончание (-s, -es, ’s), обращая внимание на его грамматические признаки, т.е. является ли оно:
a)показателем третьего лица единственного числа