+ Английский

TEST 4
Variant 9
1. Translate the text (Переведите текст):
Is there an End to the Computer Race?
Today the world “electronics” is in general usage. Millions of people have electron watches. There are a lot of various radio and TV sets, video cassette recorders and CD players in our houses. In factories and plants we are surrounded with electronically controlled machines and instruments, we are carried by airplanes, ships, trains and cars with built-in electronic devices , and satellites circle the globe. In other words, we are living in an electronic world.
And the center of this world is a tiny silicon plate of a few square millimetres, an integrated circuit , or a chip , as it is more commonly known. The integrated circuit is undoubtedly one of the most sophisticated inventions of man, science and technology. It is in the heart of every electronic device and the more cassette recorders, TV sets and computers we need, the more integrated circuits are required.
When we speak about a further development of computers we mean not only quantity, but also high technology and high speed. As the operation of an integrated circuit depends on microscopic “components”, the purity of all materials and the cleanness at the plant they are produced at must be of the highest quality. A continuous search is going on in laboratories throughout the world for more perfect, reliable and high speed electronic circuits.
In the past it took scientists and researchers a whole lifetime to make a few thousand calculations, whereas for a modern computer this task is a matter of a few seconds. At present computers capable of performing billions of operations a second are required. Supercomputers are different from ordinary computers. The ordinary computer does the computations operation by operation, while the supercomputer operates like a brain: all operations are being done simultaneously.
According to some researchers, we are close to what can be regarded as a true physical limit. But other specialists think that photons will make the operation a thousand times faster. This means that in the future it will be possible to expect the appearance of photon computers and that computations will be done by means of light. Light has several advantages over electronics: light beams are faster, travel in parallel lines and can pass through one another without interference. Already, the optical equivalent of a transistor has been produced, and intensive research on optical-electronic computers is being carried out in a number of countries around the world. In a few decades a new age of light may replace the still youthful electronic age. The race is going on.

2. Ask 10 questions on the text (составьте 10 различных вопросов по содержанию текста): General (общий) - 2, Special (специальный) — 3, Alternative (альтернативный) - 3, Disjunctive (разделительный) - 2:

3. Determine the tense form of the verbs and translate the sentences into Russian (определите время глагола-сказуемого и переведите предложения)
1 .We were told to learn several grammar rules.
2. During the lecture the teacher told us about D. Mendeleev´s Periodic Law.
3. They had been given new tasks before September, but they have not yet finished the work.

4. Переведите предложения на русский язык, принимая во внимание место предлога при бессоюзном подчинении:
1. The place she described in her letter appeared really beautiful.
2. The year he was born in was a leap year.
3. The law I am speaking about applies to gases.

5. Translate the sentences into Russian. Mind the difference in the translation of the Objective Infinitive Construction and the Subjective Infinitive Construction (переведите предложения на русский язык, учитывая разницу в переводе инфинитивных конструкций):
1. This instrument is thought to be most appropriate for this operation.
2. I heard somebody come up to my door and try to open it.
3. We expect our teacher to explain us this material one more time.
4.